Using photovoice to generate policy recommendations to improve the alcohol urban environment: A participatory action research project.

The place where we live, work and play may influence our alcohol drinking behaviours. This study aimed to present local policy recommendations on urban determinants for alcohol consumption prevention in a low-income and a high-income area of Madrid (Spain) using a participatory action research method, with photovoice and nominal group techniques. Participants (n = 26) engaged in a photovoice project initiated a process of critical reflection by discussing and analysing their alcohol environment based on photographs they took themselves. At the end of six week group discussion sessions, participants identified 33 themes related to their alcohol environment. They later met to translate the final categories into urban policy recommendations using a logical framework approach. Then, with a nominal group, they prioritized these recommendations based on time, impact, feasibility, and cost. Finally, participants produced a total of 61 policy recommendations for the improvement of the alcohol environment, highlighting the need for researcher-community collaborations when designing public health interventions.

Understanding urban health inequalities: methods and design of the Heart Health Hoods qualitative project / Comprensión de las desigualdades en salud urbana: métodos y diseños del proyecto cualitativo Heart Health Hoods

Objective: Qualitative methods may help to understand features related to health urban inequalities as a way to include citizens' perceptions of their neighbourhoods in relation to their health-related behaviours. The aim of this article is to describe the methods and design of a qualitative urban health study. Methods: The Heart Healthy Hoods (HHH) analyses cardiovascular health in an urban environment using mixed methods: electronic health records, quantitative individual questionnaires, physical examination, semi-structured Interviews (SSIs), focus groups (FGs) and participatory technics such as photovoice. This article focuses on the HHH qualitative methods and design. A case study was used to select three neighbourhoods in Madrid with different socioeconomic levels: low, medium, and high. The selection process for these three neighbourhoods was as follows: classification of all Madrid's neighbourhoods (128) according to their socioeconomic level; after ranking this classification, nine neighbourhoods, three by socioeconomic level, were short-listed; different urban sociology criteria and non-participant observation were used for the final selection of three neighbourhoods. After selecting the three neighbourhoods, thirty SSIs were held with residents and six SSIs were held with key informants. Finally, twenty-nine FGs will be conducted over the course of 8 months, between May and December of 2018. Conclusions: Systematization in the selection of neighbourhoods and the use of adequate techniques are essential for the qualitative study of urban health inequalities

Objetivo: La metodología cualitativa puede ayudar a entender aspectos relacionados con las desigualdades en salud urbana, incluyendo la percepción de los ciudadanos de su barrio en relación con los comportamientos relacionados con su salud. El objetivo de este artículo es describir los métodos y el diseño de un estudio cualitativo sobre salud urbana. Método: Heart Healthy Hoods (HHH) es un estudio que analiza la salud cardiovascular en un ámbito urbano, utilizando métodos mixtos: registros electrónicos de salud, cuestionarios individuales cuantitativos, exploraciones físicas, entrevistas semiestructuradas (ESE), grupos de discusión (GD) y técnicas participativas como el fotovoz. Este artículo se centra en los métodos y el diseño de la fase cualitativa del HHH. Se aplicó un estudio de caso, seleccionando tres barrios de Madrid con diferente nivel socioeconómico: bajo, medio y alto. El proceso de selección para estos tres barrios fue el siguiente: clasificación de todos los barrios de Madrid (128) según su nivel socioeconómico; tras graduar la clasificación se seleccionaron nueve barrios de Madrid, tres por nivel socioeconómico; se utilizaron diferentes criterios de sociología urbana y observación no participante para la selección final de tres barrios. Tras la elección de los tres barrios, se realizaron 30 ESE a vecinos y 6 ESE a informantes clave. Finalmente, se están organizando 29 GD con vecinos durante 8 meses, entre mayo y diciembre de 2018. Conclusiones: La sistematización en la selección de barrios y la utilización de las técnicas adecuadas son fundamentales para el estudio cualitativo de las desigualdades en el entorno urbano

Understanding Urban Health Inequalities: Methods and Design of the Heart Health Hoods Qualitative Project.

OBJECTIVE: Qualitative methods may help to understand features related to health urban inequalities as a way to include citizens' perceptions of their neighbourhoods in relation to their health-related behaviours. The aim of this article is to describe the methods and design of a qualitative urban health study. METHODS: The Heart Healthy Hoods (HHH) analyses cardiovascular health in an urban environment using mixed methods: electronic health records, quantitative individual questionnaires, physical examination, semi-structured Interviews (SSIs), focus groups (FGs) and participatory technics such as photovoice. This article focuses on the HHH qualitative methods and design. A case study was used to select three neighbourhoods in Madrid with different socioeconomic levels: low, medium, and high. The selection process for these three neighbourhoods was as follows: classification of all Madrid's neighbourhoods (128) according to their socioeconomic level; after ranking this classification, nine neighbourhoods, three by socioeconomic level, were short-listed; different urban sociology criteria and non-participant observation were used for the final selection of three neighbourhoods. After selecting the three neighbourhoods, thirty SSIs were held with residents and six SSIs were held with key informants. Finally, twenty-nine FGs will be conducted over the course of 8 months, between May and December of 2018. CONCLUSIONS: Systematization in the selection of neighbourhoods and the use of adequate techniques are essential for the qualitative study of urban health inequalities.

El significado de la palabra “hiperfrecuentación” para los profesionales de atención primaria / No disponible

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